{"id":4075,"date":"2024-10-05T15:59:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-05T14:59:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/?p=4075"},"modified":"2024-10-05T15:59:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-05T14:59:31","slug":"cac-giao-su-noi-rang-ho-day-tu-duy-phan-bien-nhung-do-co-phai-la-nhung-gi-sinh-vien-dang-hoc-khong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/2024\/10\/05\/cac-giao-su-noi-rang-ho-day-tu-duy-phan-bien-nhung-do-co-phai-la-nhung-gi-sinh-vien-dang-hoc-khong\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd d\u1ea1y t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec sinh vi\u00ean \u0111ang h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><br \/>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e1c s\u0129, quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 \u0111ang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u1ea1y k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, hay h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang d\u1ea1y? C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, r\u1ea5t \u00edt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau\u2014hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng d\u1ea1y t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/h6>\n<h6><strong>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f3i g\u00ec?<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, bao g\u1ed3m Suzanne Cooper, Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean cao c\u1ea5p Edith M. Stokey v\u1ec1 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i HKS, \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p (Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y Harvard, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng Harvard Kennedy v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sau \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Harvard).<\/h6>\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda (54%) gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (27% n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 19% kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn). Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn chung l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u. M\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, tranh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i &#8220;cho t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n&#8221; nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh. Sinh vi\u00ean c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 &#8220;si\u00eau nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c&#8221; (hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n) v\u00e0 &#8220;thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c&#8221; (s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c l\u00fd tr\u00ed trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd).<\/p>\n<p>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ea1y t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4076,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[801,772],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4075","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giao-duc","category-nghien-cuu-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4075"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4078,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075\/revisions\/4078"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4076"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cafe2sach.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}